which:通常引导非限制性定语从句,可直接放介词后作宾语。that:先行词是much、little、none、all、few、every、any、the very、the only和the same等词或被这类词修饰时、关系代词在定语从句中作表语时、避免重复时、先行词是既指人又指物的并列词组时。
二者区别:1、
that和which在从句里都可以做宾语和主语,做宾语时可以省略。
2、在定语从句中,有种说法叫
"关宾省",意思是关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语可以省略,不管是that,which,还是whom。
3、which能
引导非限制性定语从句,that则不行。
4、that与which两者都可指物,常可互换。其区别主要在于:(1)引导非限制性定语从句时,通常要用which。如:She received an invitation from her boss, which came as a surprise. 她收到了老板的邀请,这是她意想不到的。(2)直接放在介词后作宾语时,通常要用which。如:The tool with which he is working is called a hammer. 他干活用的那个工具叫做锤子。(3)much, little, none, all, few, every(thing), any(thing), no(thing) 等时,通常用that。
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